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ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of Huanglian Jiedutang as an adjunctive treatment for acute cerebral infarction complicated with gastric motility disorder. MethodSixty patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with gastric motility disorder with fire toxin syndrome were randomly divided into a western medicine control group （control group） and a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） combined treatment group （observation group）， with 30 cases in each group. The control group received basic treatment for cerebral infarction and relevant western medical symptomatic treatment based on the patients' gastrointestinal symptoms. The observation group received Huanglian Jiedutang in addition to the treatment provided to the control group. The treatment course was 7 days. Neurological deficit scores and gastrointestinal dysfunction scores were assessed in both groups before treatment and on the 4th and 7th days of treatment. Gastrointestinal electrographic parameters， serum citrulline （CIT）， and motilin （MTL） levels were measured in both groups before treatment and on the 7th day of treatment. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. ResultCompared with the baseline in both groups， the neurological deficit scores and gastrointestinal dysfunction scores were significantly reduced on the 4th and 7th days of treatment （P<0.05）. The reductions in these scores were more significant on the 7th day compared with those on the 4th day of treatment （P<0.05）. On the 4th and 7th days of treatment， the observation group showed a significantly greater reduction in neurological deficit scores and gastrointestinal dysfunction scores compared with the control group （P<0.05）. On the 7th day of treatment， compared with the baseline， both groups showed a significant increase in gastric antral and gastric body electric wave amplitudes as well as serum CIT and MTL levels （P<0.05）， and there were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of gastric antral and gastric body electric waves. On the 7th day of treatment， compared with the control group， the observation group had a significant increase in gastric antral and gastric body electric wave amplitudes as well as serum CIT and MTL levels （P<0.05）， and there were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of gastric antral and gastric body electric waves. After 7 days of treatment， the total effective rate in the observation group was 90.00% （27/30）， higher than 76.67% （23/30） in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant. ConclusionAdjunctive treatment with Huanglian Jiedutang can effectively improve the symptoms of neurological function impairment and gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with gastric motility disorder， increase gastric antral and gastric body electric wave amplitudes， improve gastric motility disorder， and increase serum CIT and MTL levels， thereby improving the imbalanced secretion function of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Objective@#To analyze physical fitness of students aged 6-22 years old from seven ethnic groups in Yunnan Province, and to provide reference for physical fitness intervention measures.@*Methods@#The nationality, gender, grade, body shape, vital capacity, exercise quality of students were derived from the 2019 Yunnan Student Physical Health Survey Database. Comprehensive physical fitness score was calculated according to the National Student Physical Fitness Standards(revised in 2014). t test, ANOVA, and χ 2 test were used to analyze physical fitness score and level among students with different ethnic groups, gender, and school stages.@*Results@#The average comprehensive score of physical fitness among students from 7 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province was (70.02±9.69）, with the pass rate being 88.91%. The proportion of excellent was 0.93%, good was 17.90%, pass 70.09 %, and failed was 11.09%. Physical fitness score was highest in BMI (94.99 points), followed by 50 meter running (74.13 points), sitting forward bend (72.63 points), endurance running (70.43 points), standing long jump (67.77 points), sit ups ( 65.71 points) , 1 minute skipping rope (65.25 points), vital capacity (62.97 points), pull up (29.04 points). Physical fitness score and pass rate and evaluation level varied significantly by ethnicity and school stage( F =293.53，452.85， χ 2/ χ 2 trend =466.65， 412.57 ； 1 553.22 ，1 045.36， P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#The excellent rate of physical fitness among students in Yunnan Province is relatively low. Physical fitness promotion requires specific guidance and training based on ethnicity and school stage.
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Phytoremediation plays an important role in the treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil. In order to elucidate the mechanism of salicylic acid (SA) on copper absorption, seedlings from Xuzhou (with strong Cu-tolerance) and Weifang Helianthus tuberosus cultivars (with weak Cu-tolerance) were selected for pot culture experiments. 1 mmol/L SA was sprayed upon 300 mg/kg soil copper stress, and the photosynthesis, leaf antioxidant system, several essential mineral nutrients and the changes of root upon copper stress were analyzed to explore the mechanism of copper resistance. The results showed that Pn, Tr, Gs and Ci upon copper stress decreased significantly compared to the control group. Meanwhile, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid decreased with significant increase in initial fluorescence (F0), maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm), electron transfer rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) content all decreased. The ascorbic acid (AsA) content was decreased, the glutathione (GSH) value was increased, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in the leaves were decreased, and the peroxidase (POD) activity was significantly increased. SA increased the Cu content in the ground and root system, and weakened the nutrient uptake capacity of K, Ca, Mg, and Zn in the root stem and leaves. Spray of exogenous SA can maintain the opening of leaf stomata, improve the adverse effect of copper on photosynthetic pigment and PSⅡ reaction center. Mediating the SOD and APX activity started the AsA-GSH cycle process, effectively regulated the antioxidant enzyme system in chrysanthemum taro, significantly reduced the copper content of all parts of the plant, and improved the ion exchange capacity in the body. External SA increased the content of the negative electric group on the root by changing the proportion of components in the root, promoted the absorption of mineral nutrient elements and the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances, strengthened the fixation effect of the root on metal copper, and avoided its massive accumulation in the H. tuberosus body, so as to alleviate the inhibitory effect of copper on plant growth. The study revealed the physiological regulation of SA upon copper stress, and provided a theoretical basis for planting H. tuberosus to repair soil copper pollution.
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Antioxidants , Copper , Helianthus/metabolism , Salicylic Acid/pharmacology , Chlorophyll A/pharmacology , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Chlorophyll/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Photosynthesis , Glutathione , Plant Leaves , Stress, Physiological , SeedlingsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of superior mediastinal lymph node metastasis after esophageal cancer surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 72 patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for superior mediastinal lymph node metastasis after esophageal cancer surgery in Tai'an Cancer Prevention and Treatment Hospital from January 2019 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) group (36 cases) and SIB-IMRT group (36 cases) according to different radiotherapy methods. The short-term efficacy, long-term survival rate and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results:The response rate in the IMRT group was 66.7% (24/36), the response rate in the SIB-IMRT group was 86.1% (31/36), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 = 3.77, P = 0.047). The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival rates in the IMRT group were 75.0%, 44.4% and 27.8%, and the 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival rates in the SIB-IMRT group were 83.3%, 52.8% and 33.3%; the difference in the overall survival between the two groups was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 0.70, P = 0.401). There were statistical differences in the incidence of leukopenia, radiation esophagitis and radiation pleural gastritis between the two groups (all P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in the incidence of radiation pneumonia and gastrointestinal reactions between the two groups (both P > 0.05). Conclusions:SIB-IMRT combined with chemotherapy in patients with superior mediastinal lymph node metastasis after esophageal cancer surgery has good local control rate and mild adverse reactions.
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Objective:To evaluate the discrimination, reliability and validity of the evaluation system of clinical nurse training based on post competency in hospitals of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.Methods:From August 2018 to January 2019, 271 clinical nurses from a three-A hospital were selected by convenient sampling method. The competency of clinical nurses was assessed on the spot by case tracking method. The discrimination, reliability and validity of the evaluation system were tested by item analysis, Cronbach's α coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis.Results:The evaluation system had good discrimination, reliability and validity. Among the four scales of the evaluation system, there were significant differences in the high score and the low score of all items ( P < 0.05). The Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension of the four scales was 0.769-0.898. Four structural equation model diagrams were established, the AVE (average variance extracted) of each dimension was 0.51-0.74, factor load was 0.53-0.93, C.R. (composite reliability) was 0.79-0.91, and the discrimination validity was up to the standard. Conclusion:This system provides a reference for the establishment of scientific, objective, measurable and homogeneous clinical nurse training evaluation tools.
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Due to the limited self-repair ability of neurons after injury, there has been a lack of effective treatments for nerve injury in clinical practice. So, to find drugs that promote the repair after nerve injury has become a research hotspot. Schwann cells and neurons play an important role in regeneration of the peripheral nerves after injury. This review summarizes the classification of peripheral nerve injury, the signaling pathways related to peripheral nerve regeneration in Schwann cells and neurons as well as diseases related to peripheral nerve injury, and provides a basis for further exploration of the regeneration mechanism after peripheral nerve injury.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with docetaxel for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:A total of 118 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received treatment in Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital from March 2018 to June 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive treatment with either anlotinib combined with docetaxel (study group, n = 59) or docetaxel alone (control group, n = 59) for two treatment courses. Clinical efficacy, progression-free survival, 1-year survival rate, and adverse drug reactions were compared between the study and control groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the objective remission rate between the two groups (22.03% vs. 32.20%, χ2 = 1.544, P = 0.214). The disease control rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (88.14% vs. 69.49%, χ2 = 6.141, P = 0.013). Progression-free survival in the study group was significantly longer than that in the control group [6.92 months (95% CI: 3.83-9.54 months) vs. 3.84 months (95% CI: 2.08-6.17 months), χ2 = 5.934, P = 0.019). The 1-year survival rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [52.47% (31/59) vs. 32.20% (19/59), χ2 = 4.998, P = 0.025]. During the treatment, the proportion of patients having leucopenia, erythropenia, gastrointestinal adverse reactions and abnormal liver and kidney function in the study group was 20.34%, 13.56%, 28.81% and 5.08%, respectively, which was significantly higher than 16.95%, 10.17%, 23.73% and 3.39%, respectively in the control group ( χ2 = 0.211-0.835, P = 0.361-0.646). Conclusion:Arotinib combined with docetaxel can effectively inhibit the progression of non-small cell lung cancer, prolong the progression-free survival, increase the 1-year survival rate, and does not increase adverse drug reactions.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) to verify a fetus with partial 18p deletion signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing.@*METHODS@#G-banding chromosomal karyotyping analysis was carried out on amniotic fluid sample of the fetus and peripheral blood samples from the parents. Amniotic DNA was also subjected to CMA analysis. The fetus was also subjected to systematic ultrasound scan.@*RESULTS@#The fetus was found to have a karyotype of 46,XX,18p+. CMA has revealed a 5 Mb deletion at 18p11.32-p11.31, a 2.9 Mb duplication at 18p11.31-p11.23, and a 2.5 Mb duplication at 18p11.23-p11.22. No chromosomal aberration or microdeletion/microduplication was detected in either parent.@*CONCLUSION@#Non-invasive prenatal testing and CMA are both sensitive for the detection of chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications. CMA can help with clarification of genotype-phenotype correlation and facilitate prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for the family.
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Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Chromosome Deletion , Chromosomes , Fetus , Karyotyping , Prenatal DiagnosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the origin and mechanism of small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) in three fetuses.@*METHODS@#The three fetuses were predicted to have carried chromosomal abnormalities by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). G-banding chromosomal karyotyping analysis were carried out on amniotic fluid samples of the fetuses and peripheral blood samples from their parents. Single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) was used to determine the origin, size and genetic effect of sSMCs.@*RESULTS@#In fetus 1, SNP array has detected two microduplications respectively at 4p16.3p15.2 (24.7 Mb) and 18p11.32q11.2 (20.5 Mb) which, as verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have derived from a balanced 46,XY,t(4;18)(p15.2q11.2) translocation carried by its father. Fetus 2 has carried a de novo microduplication of 15q11.2-q13.3 (9.7 Mb). The sequence of SMC in fetus 3 has derived from 21q11.2-q21.1 (8.3 Mb), which was inherited from its mother.@*CONCLUSION@#Both NIPT and SNP-array are highly accurate for the detection of sSMC. SNP-array can delineate the origin and size of abnormal chromosomes, which in turn can help with clarification of sSMC-related genotype-phenotype correlation and facilitate prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for the family.
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Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Chromosome Duplication/genetics , Fetus , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Prenatal Diagnosis , Translocation, Genetic/geneticsABSTRACT
Exosomes are spherical microvesicles(30-100 nm)secreted by a variety of cells and contain a variety of proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs.These molecules into exosomes can be transferred to adjacent cells and distant tissues or cells by exosomes to develop full effects.Exosomes-released microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD)by regulating the abnormal expression of amyloid β-protein(Aβ)and p-Tau protein, initiating the inflammatory response by interacting with toll-like receptors.In addition, exosomal microRNAs can be used as a potential therapeutic target for AD.Exosomes as good carriers have great research values.This review summarized the literatures related to the role of exosomal microRNAs in the development of AD and the potential therapeutic effect on AD.A large amount of evidence indicates that expression disorder of exosomal microRNA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD and can be used as a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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@#Objective To investigate the predictive value of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on pulmonary nodules in people aged less than 50 years. Methods The 147 patients with pulmonary nodules and aged less than 50 years who were treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sichuan Cancer Hospital from August 1, 2019 to January 15, 2020 were divided into a lung cancer group and a lung benign disease group. The lung cancer group included 36 males and 68 females, with the age of 27-49 (43.54±5.73) years. The benign lung disease group included 23 males and 20 females, with the age of 22-49 (42.49±6.83) years. Clinical data and exhaled breath samples were collected prospectively from the two groups. Exhaled breath VOCs were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to select variables and establish a prediction model. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the prediction model were calculated. Results There were statistically significant differences in sex (P=0.034), smoking history (P=0.047), cyclopentane (P=0.002), 3-methyl pentane (P=0.043) and ethylbenzene (P=0.009) between the two groups. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve of the prediction model with gender, cyclopentane, 3-methyl pentane, ethylbenzene and N,N-dimethylformamide as variables were 80.8%, 60.5% and 0.781, respectively. Conclusion The combination of VOCs and clinical characteristics has a certain predictive value for the benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in people aged less than 50 years.
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Objective@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors.@*Methods@#Patients in advanced stage of cancer who had had drug-resistant relapse after receiving multiple-line treatment received chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel from May 2016 to April 2018 in Daxing Hospital of Capital Medical University. Their clinical data were collected to evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety profile.@*Results@#36 patients who had advanced treatment-resistent tumors with evaluable data were enrolled. Of 36 patients, 55.56% (20) had previously received chemotherapy with paclitaxel. The objective response rate (ORR) was 8.33%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 25.0%, the median progression free survival (PFS) was 106 days, and the median overall survival (OS) was 183 days. The main adverse reactions of grade 3-4 were hematological toxicity, including neutropenia [36.11% (13/36)], anemia and thrombocytopenia [5.56% (2/36) and 16.67% (6/36)] in patients without neutropenia fever. Adverse effects of 3-4 degrees related to non-hematologic toxicity were not observed.@*Conclusions@#Chemotherapy regimen with albumin-bound paclitaxel has certain efficacy for advanced malignant tumors resistant to multiple lines of therapy and the adverse effects could be generally tolerated.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors.Methods Patients in advanced stage of cancer who had had drug-resistant relapse after receiving multiple-line treatment received chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel from May 2016 to April 2018 in Daxing Hospital of Capital Medical University.Their clinical data were collected to evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety profile.Results 36 patients who had advanced treatment-resistent tumors with evaluable data were enrolled.Of 36 patients,55.56％ (20) had previously received chemotherapy with paclitaxel.The objective response rate (ORR) was 8.33％,the disease control rate (DCR) was 25.0％,the median progression free survival (PFS) was 106 days,and the median overall survival (OS) was 183 days.The main adverse reactions of grade 3-4 were hematological toxicity,including neutropenia [36.11％ (13/36)],anemia and thrombocytopenia [5.56％ (2/36)and 16.67％ (6/36)]in patients without neutropenia fever.Adverse effects of 3-4 degrees related to non-hematologic toxicity were not observed.Conclusions Chemotherapy regimen with albumin-bound paclitaxel has certain efficacy for advanced malignant tumors resistant to multiple lines of therapy and the adverse effects could be generally tolerated.
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Objective To establish a non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation model in Bama miniature pigs with high repeatability and stability. Methods Twelve Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into the donor group (n=6) and recipient group (n=6). Pigs underwent non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation. The time of anhepatic phase during operation was shortened, blood pressure during anhepatic phase was stably maintained, and management of anesthesia and body fluid during operation were strengthened. The operation time, anhepatic phase and survival status of the recipients were observed and recorded. The intraoperative heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and changes in arterial blood gas analysis were monitored. The perioperative liver function was evaluated. Results Among 6 Bama miniature pigs, 1 died from transplantation failure intraoperatively. The operation time of the remaining 5 pigs was (247±27) min and the time of anhepatic phase was (46±4) min. Three animals survived for more than 2 weeks. Compared with the preanhepatic phase, the heart rate of the animals was significantly faster, MAP was considerably reduced to (46±6) mmHg, blood pH value, base excess (BE) and HCO3- level were all significantly decreased and serum level of K+ was significantly elevated during the anhepatic phase (all P < 0.05). In the neohepatic phase, MAP of Bama miniature pigs was significantly increased, heart rate was dramatically slower.Blood pH value, BE, HCO3- level were significantly increased and serum level of K+ was significantly declined (all P < 0.05). During abdominal closure, MAP, blood gas indexes and serum level of K+ were almost recovered to those in the preanhepatic phase. Compared with preoperative levels, the levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were significantly increased after operation (all P < 0.05), the change in AST was the most obvious, and it gradually decreased at postoperative 2 d. The level of γ-gutamyl transferase(GGT) did not significantly elevated. The level of total bilirubin (TB) was evidently elevated at postoperative 5 d. Compared with the preoperative levels, the levels of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly decreased after operation (both P < 0.05), and began to gradually increase at postoperative 1 d. Conclusions The non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation model of Bama miniature pig is convenient, with highly reproducible and survival rate, which can be utilized as a standardized liver transplantation model.
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OBJECTIVE@#To detect mutation of NDP gene in a pedigree affected with Norrie disease.@*METHODS@#Sanger sequencing was used to analyze the NDP gene at Xp11.3. Prenatal diagnosis was performed on amniotic fluid sample after the causative gene was detected.@*RESULTS@#Sanger sequencing has revealed a c.2T>C (p.M1T) missense mutation of the NDP gene in the proband and the fetus. The same variation was not found in ClinVar and HGMD database.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.2T>C mutation of the NDP gene probably underlies the Norrie disease in this pedigree.
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Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Blindness , Eye Proteins , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Nervous System Diseases , Pedigree , Prenatal Diagnosis , Retinal Degeneration , Spasms, InfantileABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the anatomy characteristics of saphenous artery(SA) and its perforator vessels in mini pig,and to provide a new perforator flap animal model.Methods Between May,2018 and August,2018,6 7-months-old mini pigs weight 25 kilograms were sacrificed by blooding under general anesthesia.The bilateral external iliac arteries were injected with a mixture of latex-lead oxide mixture and underwent CT-scanning to provide 3-dimensional reconstruction.The origin,diameter,courses and distribution of the SA and perforators of both hind limbs were observed.Results One of the hind limbs was abandoned due to the leakage of perfusion fluid.The other 11 hind limbs were available.The femoral artery passed through the medial femoral muscle and sartorius muscle in the middle of thigh,and run between the medial femoral muscle and gracilis muscle above the knee.Below the knee,it run on the surface of the medial leg muscles.A number of small branches were distributed in the tarsal joint and calcaneus at the medial malleolus,and there were abundant communicating branches with the posterior tibial artery.The average length of SA was (14.86±0.76) mm.The outer diameters of SA at initiative,medial tibial condyle and medial malleolus were(1.73±0.15) mm,(1.50±0.12) mm and (1.30±0.13) mm,respectively.There were a total of 79 perforators which were identified,with a mean of (7.09±1.16) perforators per hind limbs.And the average outer diameter was 0.10-0.78 (0.40±0.13) mm.Conclusion The SA constantly exist with good outer diameter.The number of perforator is abundant.SA can be used as a reliable animal model for studying and training of perforator flap.
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Objective To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E2 receptor 1 (EP1) on Adriamycin (ADR)-induced glomerular podocytes injury and its possible mechanism.Methods (1) In vivo experiments:6-8 weeks old male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group;ADR group;EP1 agonist 17-phenyl PGE2+ADR group;EP1 antagonist SC-19220+ADR group.The mouse model of nephrotic syndrome was induced by injection of ADR (10 mg/kg) into tail vein,and then EP1 agonist (1 μg/g) and antagonist (25 μg/g) were administered respectively.Six weeks later,all mice were sacrificed and urine,blood and kidney tissues were collected.Detecting urine protein,blood chemistry,changes of renal pathology and podocyte-related proteins,electron microscopy changes of podocytes.(2) In vitro experiments:Podocytes were cultured in vitro and divided into different groups:Control group;ADR group (0.2 μmol/L);EP1 agonist (0.1,1,10 μmol/L)+ADR (0.2 μmol/L) group;antagonist (0.1,0.5,1 μmol/L)+ ADR (0.2 μmol/L) group.The proliferation of podocytes was measured by CCK-8.Expression of PGE2 in podocytes was detected by ELISA.Indirect immunofluorescence was used to determine the localization of podocyte-related proteins nephrin,podocin and CD2AP.Expression of nephrin,podocin,CD2AP,COX2 in podocytes was detected by Western blotting and Real-time quantitative PCR.p38 MAPK or phospho-p38 MAPK was measured by Western blotting as well.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis.Results (1) In vivo experiments:Compared with control group,obvious proteinuria,blood biochemical changes and renal pathological changes were observed in ADR group,proteinuria,blood biochemical and renal pathological changes were more serious in mice dealt with agonist,while antagonist could reduce ADR-induced injury (all P ＜ 0.05).Results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of podocyterelated proteins nephrin,podocin and CD2AP in ADR group were significantly lower than those in control group,and EP1 agonist could further inhibit expression of these proteins,while antagonist could reverse this inhibitory effects (P ＜ 0.05).Electron microscopic results showed that mice in ADR group appeared foot enlargement and fusion,and the agonist group further aggravated the injury,while antagonist intervention could inhibit the injury of podocytes.(2) In vitro experiments:Compared with control group,expression of PGE2 and COX2 were increased;mRNA and protein expression of nephrin,podocin,CD2AP were decreased,p38 MAPK activity and podocytes apoptosis were increased in ADR group (P ＜ 0.05);Agonist could aggravate podocytes damage (P ＜ 0.05),while Antagonist could downregulate the expression of PGE2 and COX2,promote the expression of nephrin,podocin and CD2AP,and inhibit the activity of p38 MAPK and podocytes apoptosis (P ＜ 0.05).The addition of p38 MAPK inhibitor(10 μmol/L) could reduce the inhibitory effect of EP1 agonist on the expression of podocyterelated proteins nephrin,podocin and CD2AP (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EP1 receptor may activate the p38 MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit podocytes-related proteins nephrin,podocin and CD2AP,as well as mediate the ADR induced podocyte injury.Inhibition of EP1 receptor however have a protective effect.
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To determine the etiologies and risk factors of intracerebral hemorrhage in young people. Methods: A total of 401 young patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled, and they were assigned into a 20-29 , a 30-39, and a 40-45 age group. The differences of various etiologies and risk factors among the three groups were analyzed. Results: There were 273 men and 128 women in the 401 young patients. The etiologies of 294 patients (73.32%) were identified while 107 patients (26.68%) were unknown. Among those with identified etiology, 226 patients (56.36%) suffered from hypertension, 41 patients (10.22%) congenital cerebrovascular malformation (including 25 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation, 8 intracranial cavernous hemangioma, and 8 intracranial aneurysm), and 27 other etiologies (including 9 patients with moyamoya disease, 6 cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, 4 drug abuse, 3 hemorrhagic brain tumor, 2 intracranial infection, 1 systemic lupus erythematosus, 1 drug-induced, and 1 eclampsia). Risk factors included hypertension (237 cases, 59.10%), smoking (123 cases, 30.67%), alcohol consumption (74 cases, 18.45%), and others (19 cases, 4.74%; including 8 cases of pregnancy or in the puerperium, 8 family history of intracerebral hemorrhage, and 3 taking anti-platelet aggregation/anticoagulation agents). The rate of hypertension induced hemorrhage significantly increased with age (P<0.01); the rate of vascular malformations in 20-29 age group was obviously higher than other groups (P<0.01); the rate of unknown cause in the 40-45 age group was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.01) and the rate of other etiologies showed no significant difference in the 3 groups. The rate of hypertension was significantly elevated with the age (P<0.01), while smoking, alcohol consumption, and other risk factors showed no significant difference in the 3 groups. Conclusion: The rate of intracerebral hemorrhage in young people increases with the increasing of age and hemorrhage affects men more than women; hypertension may be the main cause and congenital cerebrovascular malformation is the second cause, which may be more common in younger patients. Hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption may be the major controllable risk factors in intracerebral hemorrhage in young people.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Hypertension , Intracranial Aneurysm , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
To investigate the impact of goal directed analgesia on the outcome of patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit. A total of 126 patients who needed mechanical ventilation were recruited. With a method of before and after paired comparison, they were divided into two group:( 1 ) analgesia with empirical administration or control group; ( 2 ) goal directed analgesia based on critical-care pain observation tool (CPOT). Compared with the control group, after goal directed analgesia was applied, the consumption of midazolam significantly dropped from ( 368. 47 ± 27. 41 ) mg to ( 151. 27 ± 29. 31 ) mg (P<0. 05), whereas the consumption of dexmedetomidine significantly increased from ( 623. 62 ± 20. 91) μg to (812. 34 ± 22. 57) μg(P<0. 05). The median score of Richmond agitation-sedation scale increased from -3 to -1. The incidence of delirium significantly reduced from 23. 81% to 17. 46%( P<0. 05). The mean ventilator duration was significantly shortened from (168. 49 ± 11. 41) h to (142. 38 ± 13. 24) h(P<0. 05). ICU length of stay was significantly shortened from (23. 64 ± 9. 26) d to (19. 63 ± 8. 46) d ( P < 0. 05 ) . Due to the mild sedation, patients receiving goal directed analgesia report less delirium, less ventilation time and shorter ICU length of stay, suggesting that the general outcome is improved.
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Objective To investigate relationship of platelet (PLT) count with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer,and explore the susceptibility index to evaluate prognosis of patients with breast cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 498 patients with breast cancer in January 1995 to December 2005 was carried out.PLT count was tested.Those patients were divided into group A (PLT ＜ 150 × 109/L),group B[(150-250) × 109/L],and group C (PLT ＞ 250 × 109/L) according to PLT count level.The relationship of platelet count with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of PLT impact on survival time.Results There was positively correlated between PLT count and clinicopathological features (Pearson coefficient ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlated between PLT count and survival time (Pearson coefficient =-O.583,P ＜ 0.05).The survival time of groups A,B and C were significantly different (P =0.018).Cox proportional hazards model multi-factor analysis showed that PLT count was an independent factors affecting survival time (OR =2.256,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with breast cancer associated with increased emphasis and PLT count.PLT count had negative correlation with survival time.PLT count could be a susceptible index to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.